QUARTZ with LIMONITE

Limonite is an iron ore composed of a blend of hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxides with varying compositions. It is commonly represented by the formula FeO(OH)·nH2O, though this representation may not fully capture the variability in the oxide to hydroxide ratio. Limonite ranks among the three main iron ores, alongside hematite and magnetite, and has been extracted for iron production since at least 400 BC.

Quartz is a robust crystalline mineral made up of silica, or silicon dioxide. Its structure consists of a continuous arrangement of SiO4 silicon-oxygen tetrahedra, where each oxygen atom is shared between two tetrahedra, resulting in the chemical formula SiO2. This classification places quartz as a framework silicate mineral in terms of structure and as an oxide mineral in terms of composition. It ranks as the second most prevalent mineral in the continental crust of Earth, following feldspar.